A calendar year is based on the Gregorian patterned calendar and starts on 1st January and ends on 31st December. For individual and corporate income, taxes generally coincides with the fiscal year and thus encompass a company’s entire fiscal period. It is based on the solar cycle and contains 365 or 366 days. It was developed in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII; it is the standard calendar used for holidays, religions, business, social, and personal purposes. These are valuable tools for planning schedules, organizing events, and special occasions marking. Since technology has facilitated event planning, calendars are also upgraded, and it is accessible from anywhere. Some businesses use it to calculate their taxes as a fiscal calendar. This helps their business conform to seasonal patterns or other accounting concerns.
A calendar year starts from January 1st and ends on December 31st, whereas a fiscal year or financial year is 365 days from when a company starts it year. We have described the differences in the table below
Difference between calendar year and fiscal year
Calendar Year | Fiscal Year |
Starts on 1st of January and ends on 31st December | The financial year can start at any day and last for a stretch of 365 days |
Makes tax reporting easier | Makes tax accounting complex |
Simplifies company expenses and accounting | Hard to draw comparisions with others and compare various fiscal years |
As mentioned before, the calendar year starts from January 1st and ends on December 31st, but the academic year consists of two academic sessions – summer and winter.
Calendar year in India is the same as everywhere else, but the financial year in India starts from April 1st and ends on March 31st.
One calendar year is equal to 365 days or 366 days (depends on whether it is a leap year or not).
While the time frame of calendar year is fixed, from January 1st to December 31st, the rolling calendar adjusts itself for a 12-month period. For example, if the rolling calendar year of a company starts from June 1st 2024 and ends on May 31st 2025, then the next cycle will begin from June 1st 2025 and last until May 31st 2026.
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